what is iranian qeshm island fishermen fishing method and fishing net type?

Qeshm Island, located in the Persian Gulf and part of Iran, has a rich tradition of fishing due to its strategic location and abundant marine resources. The fishermen on Qeshm Island use various fishing methods and types of Fishing Nets tailored to the local marine environment and the types of fish they target.

 Fishing Methods on Qeshm Island

1. **Gill Net Fishing**

   - **Description**: Fishermen use gill nets, which are vertical panels of netting that capture fish by their gills as they try to swim through.

   - **Target Species**: Typically used for catching medium-sized pelagic fish such as mackerel and sardines.

   - **Advantages**: Simple to deploy and retrieve, effective for targeted fish sizes.

   - **Disadvantages**: Non-selective, can capture non-target species (bycatch).

2. **Purse Seine Fishing**

   - **Description**: A large wall of netting is used to encircle schools of fish. The bottom of the net is then drawn together, like a drawstring purse, to trap the fish.

   - **Target Species**: Schooling fish such as tuna, sardines, and anchovies.

   - **Advantages**: Highly efficient for capturing large quantities of schooling fish.

   - **Disadvantages**: Requires a larger crew and boats, potential for bycatch.

3. **Trammel Net Fishing**

   - **Description**: A three-layered net with a fine-meshed inner net sandwiched between two larger-meshed outer nets. Fish are trapped in the pockets formed by the nets.

   - **Target Species**: Varied, including demersal (bottom-dwelling) fish.

   - **Advantages**: Effective for a variety of species, can be used in different depths.

   - **Disadvantages**: More complex to set up and retrieve compared to single-layer nets.

4. **Bottom Trawling**

   - **Description**: A net is dragged along the seabed to capture fish and other marine organisms.

   - **Target Species**: Bottom-dwelling species such as flounder, shrimp, and crabs.

   - **Advantages**: Effective for capturing bottom-dwelling species.

   - **Disadvantages**: Can cause significant damage to the seabed and non-target species.

5. **Handline and Longline Fishing**

   - **Description**: Handlines and longlines use baited hooks to catch fish. Longlines have multiple hooks attached to a single line.

   - **Target Species**: Larger predatory fish such as grouper and snapper.

   - **Advantages**: Highly selective, minimal bycatch.

   - **Disadvantages**: Labor-intensive, lower catch volume compared to nets.

 Types of Fishing Nets Used on Qeshm Island

1. **Gill Nets**

   - **Material**: Often made from nylon or monofilament.

   - **Features**: Varying mesh sizes depending on target species.

   - **Advantages**: Cost-effective, easy to handle.

2. **Purse Seine Nets**

   - **Material**: Typically made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or nylon.

   - **Features**: Large size, can be several hundred meters long.

   - **Advantages**: Efficient for catching large schools of fish.

3. **Trammel Nets**

   - **Material**: Nylon or multifilament.

   - **Features**: Three layers with different mesh sizes.

   - **Advantages**: Versatile for different fish sizes and species.

4. **Bottom Trawls**

   - **Material**: Strong, durable materials like polyethylene or polypropylene.

   - **Features**: Heavy-duty construction to withstand dragging along the seabed.

   - **Advantages**: Effective for bottom-dwelling species.

5. **Longlines**

   - **Material**: Nylon or polyethylene lines with metal hooks.

   - **Features**: Multiple baited hooks spaced along the line.

   - **Advantages**: Selective fishing method, reducing bycatch.

Qeshm Island fishermen utilize a variety of fishing methods and nets to exploit the rich marine resources of the Persian Gulf. The choice of method and net type depends on the target species, the fishing grounds, and the desired efficiency. Gill nets and purse seine nets are commonly used for pelagic fish, while trammel nets and bottom trawls target demersal species. The materials used for these nets, such as nylon and polyethylene, provide the necessary strength and durability for effective fishing in this region.

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